AvšÍtag©xq
weevn : mgm¨vmg~n I c`‡ÿcmg~n
f~wgKv: Ck¦i, whwb fvjevmvq cÖ‡Yvw`Z n‡q
gvbyl‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb, wZwbB Zv‡K fvjevmvi AvnŸvb Rvbvb| KviY Ck¦i, whwb wb‡RB
fvjevmv, wZwb Zuvi cÖwZg~wZ©‡Z I mv`„‡k¨ gvbyl‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb| Ck¦‡ii fvjevmvi
D‡Ïk¨ nj: djevb nIqv I m„wói ZË¡veav‡bi gva¨‡g Zv ev¯ÍevwqZ Kiv| ZvB m„wói
Kvwnbx †_‡K †`Lv hvq †h, Ck¦i wb‡RB bvix-cyiæ‡li Rxeb I †cÖ‡gi †h Nwbó wgjb Zv
w¯’i K‡i †`b, hv cwic~Y©Zv cvq weevn e܇b| Gw`K w`‡q, weevn gvbe Rxe‡bi me †P‡q
¸iæZ¡c~Y© mvgvwRK cÖwZôvb- Z‡e wewfbœ K…wó, mvgvwRK KvVv‡gv I AvwZ¥K
g‡bvfv‡ei w`K †_‡K Gi GKwU ¯’vqx ‰ewkó¨ I e܇bi gn‡Z¡i wKQy †eva i‡q‡Q|
kv¯¿we`M‡Yi g‡Z weevn n‡”Q, ÔMÖnY I eiYÕ Øviv bvix-cyiæ‡li g‡bvbqb| A_©vr cyiæl
KZ©„K Kb¨v MÖnY I Kb¨v KZ…©K ei eiY| GK K_vq ej‡j, †¯^”Qvq ¯^vgx-¯¿xiƒ‡c bi-bvixi
wgjb eÜbB weevn| G wgjb eÜb cwievi cÖwZôvK‡í `yÕRb bi-bvixi ‰bwZK I ‰`wnK ˆea
wgjb mgvR KZ…©©©K ¯^xK…Z jvf K‡i| mvwe©K fv‡e ej‡j, weevn n‡”Q GKwU mvgvwRK
Pzw³ ev mwÜ, hvi gva¨‡g cyiæl I bvix wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ Rxe‡bi mvgwMÖK Askx`vwiZ¡
¯’vcb K‡i, cÖK…wZMZfv‡e `¤úwZ‡`i Kj¨vY Ges mšÍv‡bi Rb¥`vb I Zv‡`i wkÿv-`xÿv
wb‡`©k K‡i| Gi gva¨‡g M‡o D‡V AvšÍte¨w³K m¤ú©K- hv mvgvwRK, Ava¨vwZ¥K,
g‡bv¯ÍvwË¡K I ˆ`wnK ms‡hv‡Mi d‡j mvwaZ nq Ges gvbe RvwZi µgea©gvb PjgvbZv †`‡L
`¤úwZ‡`i Rxeb mg„w×kvjx I myLx K‡i|
ÒLªxó hxï‡Z wek¦vmx GKRb cyiæl I GKRb
¯¿x‡jv‡Ki †¯^”Qv m¤§wZ‡Z iwPZ ¯’vqx I Awe‡”Q`¨ Rxeb, hv Zv‡`i Lªxóxq mvgvR
KZ©„K mgw_©Z Ges Zv‡`i gÊjx Aby‡gvw`Z ag©¸iæ KZ©„K Avkx©evw`Z|Ó[1]
Òweevn n‡”Q GKwU Pzw³ ev mwÜ, hvi
gva¨‡g cyiæl I bvix wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ Rxe‡bi mvgwMÖK Askx`vwiZ¡ ¯’vcb K‡i,
cÖK„wZMZfv‡e `¤úwZ‡`i Kj¨vY Ges mšÍv‡bi Rb¥`vb I Zv‡`i wkÿv-`xÿv wb‡`©k
K‡i| `xÿvmœvZ‡`i ga¨Kvi GB mwÜ Lªxó cÖfz KZ©„K ms¯‹vixq gh©v`vq DbœxZ n‡q‡Q|Ó[2]
Lªxó ag©vbymv‡i weevn n‡jv GKwU gvnvmwÜ, hv ¯^qs Ck¦i gvbyl I Lªx‡ói ga¨ w`‡q
GK K‡i‡Qb| Avi GwU Lªxó gÊjxi GKwU cyY¨ I cweÎ AwaKvi| hw`I †hŠb m½g weev‡ni
GKwU cÖavb Ask, Z_vwc GUv‡K wØZxq ¯’vb †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| ZvB Bmjvg a‡g©i g‡Zv weevn
wbQK GKwU Pzw³ bq, Avevi mvgvwRK AbyôvbI bq; eis GwU GKwU wPý hv Lªx‡ói mv‡_
Ck¦‡ii GKvZ¥Zv cÖ`k©b K‡i| Ck¦i gvbyl m„wó K‡i e‡j‡Qb-Ò‡Zvgiv djevb nI esk e„w×
Ki, c„w_ex c~Y© Ki I ekxf~Z KiÓ (Avw` 1:28)| ÒCk¦i gvbyl m„wói ïiæ‡ZB m„Rbkxj
kw³ w`‡q‡Qb, hvi d‡j Av`g-nevi Rxe‡b `yt‡Li Avwef©ve n‡qwQj Avi †mB kw³‡K `gb
Kiv mwZ¨B KóKi wQj| wKš‘ Ck¦i †mB kw³i e¨envi‡K cweÎ e‡j ¯^xK„Z `vb K‡ib| Avi
Zv nj weevn|Ó[3]
gvÊjxK AvBb cy¯Í‡K 1043-1094 aviv ch©šÍ weevn msµvšÍ AvBb ewY©Z Av‡Q|
§ Ab¨ a‡g©i mv‡_ weevn wb‡la bv Ki‡jI, G
ai‡Yi weev‡n LªxógÊjx wbiærmvwnZ K‡i _v‡K|
§ †Kvbµ‡g weevn evwZj ev ZvjvK w`‡Z cv‡i
bv|
§ wbR ag© cvj‡b ¯^vaxbZv w`‡Z n‡e Ges
†Q‡j-†g‡q‡K Lªxóxq wkÿvq wkwÿZ Ki‡Z n‡e|
§ ‡Kej gvÎ ¯^vgx/¯¿x gviv †M‡j wØZxq we‡q
Ki‡Z cv‡i| Ab¨_vq wØZxq we‡q Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|
weevn ev wbKvn&-Gi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨B nj
cÖRbb wµqv I mšÍvb-mšÍwZ wmw×KiY Ges †hLv‡b ¯^vgx-¯¿xi gZvgZ _vK‡e I mvgvwRK
wewa-weavb, ixwZ-bxwZ †g‡b Pj‡Z n‡e| GwU GKwU Pzw³ gvÎ| Z‡e wbKvn& Kivi
c~‡e© cÖ¯Íve Kiv nq, Rvbv- †kvbv, Avw_©K Ae¯’v †`Lv QvovI †Q‡j-†g‡qi
¯^fve-PwiÎ, nvUv-Pjv, Kv_v-evZ©v, AvPvi-AvPiY Ges wbqwgZ †ivRv-bvgvR c‡o wKbv
BZ¨vw` wel‡q †LuvR †bIqv n‡q _v‡K|
1.
ÒBmjv‡gi wbqgvbyhvqx
Keyj ejvi mgq mvwÿ wnmv‡e AšÍZ `yÕRb ¯¿x‡jvK Ges GKRb cyiæl _vK‡Z n‡e| ïaygvÎ
¯¿x ev cyiæl mvwÿ _vK‡j weevn n‡e bv|Ó[4]
2.
¯^vgx-¯¿x G‡K Ab¨‡K
ZvjvK w`‡Z cv‡i Ges Ab¨Î we‡q Ki‡Z cv‡i (myiv: 2:228-232)|
3.
`yB, wZb A_ev Pvi
we‡q Kivi m¤§wZ †Kviv‡b †jLv Av‡Q| Z‡e cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki cÖwZ mywePvi Kivi `vwe iv‡L|
4.
cyiæl Pvi we‡q Ki‡Z
cv‡i wKš‘ bvix ¯^vgx gviv †M‡j A_ev ZvjvK cÖvßv n‡j wØZxq we‡q Ki‡Z cv‡i|
5.
Kvweb bvgvq ¯úófv‡e
†gvn‡ii A½ †jLv _vK‡e|
6.
Aek¨B cwi‡kva †hvM¨
†gvni w`‡q GKRb cyiæl weevn m¤úbœ Ki‡e|
7.
we‡q‡Z †Q‡j cÿ †g‡q
c‡ÿi Kv‡Q †hŠZzK `vwe Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
8.
¯¿x hZw`b `v¤úZ¨
Rxeb-hvc‡b mÿg _vK‡e, ¯^vgxi cÖwZ wek¦¯Í I eva¨ _vK‡e ZZw`b ¯^vgx Zv‡K fiY‡cvlY
Ki‡e Ab¨_vq ZvjvK w`‡Z cv‡i|
ÒGKRb Kv_wjK cyiæl ev ¯¿x‡jv‡Ki m‡½
GKRb A-Kv_wjK ev A`xwÿZ ¯¿x‡jvK ev cyiæl‡jv‡Ki †¯^”Qvm¤§Z ¯’vqx I Awe‡”Q`¨ m¤^Ü
¯’vcb hv LªxógÊjx KZ…©K Aby‡gvw`Z Ges `¤úwZ‡`i Df‡qi mgvR KZ©„K mgw_©Z|Ó[5]
msÁvi †cÖwÿ‡Z ej‡Z cvwi, wgkª-weev‡n
ïaygvÎ †mB †ÿ‡ÎB Aby‡gv`b ‡`Iqv hvq †hLv‡b ¯^vgx-¯¿x Df‡qi ¯^vaxbZv gh©v`v I
ag© A¶zbœ _v‡K| we‡kl K‡i hv‡`i Pzw³ Aÿq gh©v`v cvq Ges weevn µgvMZ Lªxóxq
weev‡n iƒcvšÍwiZ nIqvi h‡_ó m¤¢vebv my‡hvM _v‡K| m„wó Ges cwiÎv‡Yi gyL¨ D‡Ïk¨
Lªx‡ó wgjb| hv wKQz Lªxóxq wgj‡bi cÖwZeÜKZv weevn Rxe‡b Av‡m H¸‡jvB cÖK…Z
mgm¨v|
eZ©gvbKv‡ji GB Z_¨-cÖhyw³i hy‡M gvbyl
hZ AwaKZi Nwbófv‡e mw¤§wjZ n‡”Q †Zgwb wewfbœ RvwZi gvby‡li g‡a¨
eÜz‡Z¡i eÜb ZvZ †ewk `„pZi n‡”Q| d‡j wewfbœ a‡g©i gvby‡l gvby‡l, GgbwK RvwZ‡Z
RvwZ‡Z GKZv, åvZ…Z¡ I fvjevmvi Rb¥ n‡”Q Ges Zv jvjb cvjb Kivi Rb¨ weevn-eÜb iƒc
wb‡”Q| d‡j A‡bK †`‡kB wgkª weev‡ni cwiw¯’wZ m„wó n‡”Q| ZvB AvšÍtag©xq weevn
n‡”Q, GKRb Kv_wjK †Q‡j/†g‡q Ab¨ †Kvb a‡g©i †Q‡j/ †g‡qi mv‡_ †¯^”Qvq wek¦¯ÍZvi
Pzw³‡Z I dj`vqx fvjevmvq cvi¯úwiK I ¯’vqxfv‡e Rxeb-hvcb Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ GK A‡b¨i
wbKU wb‡R‡`i `vb Kivi Rb¨ m¤§wZ cÖ`vb| Z‡e †h‡nZz GB weevn `¤úwZ‡`i GKwU cÖKvk¨
Rxebve¯’vq cÖwZwôZ K‡i †m‡nZz GUv m½Z †h, GB AbyôvbwU n‡e cÖKvk¨ Rbmgv‡e‡k I
mvÿx‡`i mvg‡b|
mvaviYZ Abyôvb ïiæ Kivi Av‡M/c‡i †Kvb
µz‡ki wPý Kiv nq bv| Z‡e ˆeevvwnK Avkxev©` cÖ`vb Kiv nq Gfv‡e, Ò †n wek¦ mªóv
cig wcZv, †Zvgvi cÖwZg~wZ©‡ZB Zywg bi-bvix‡K m„wó K‡iQ, †Zvgvi AdzišÍ
Avkxe©v‡`B Zv‡`i wgwjZ K‡i Zzwg GB `v¤úZ¨ m¤^܇K ab¨ K‡iQ| GLb Avgiv m`¨
weevwnZ.......I .......Gi Rb¨ †Zvgvi kªx Pi‡Y wgbwZ RvbvB: ¯^vgx-¯¿x GB `yÕR‡bi
Dci ewl©Z †nvK †Zvgvi AbyMÖ‡ni Awgq aviv, Giv †hb cvi¯úwiK AvZ¥`v‡bB Avb›` jvf
K‡i, mr Rxeb AvPi‡Y mK‡ji kª×vi cvÎ n‡q D‡V Ges mšÍvb‡`i Kv‡Q Av`k© wcZv-gvZv
n‡q D‡V| Giv †hb n‡Z cv‡i my‡Li g‡a¨ †Zvgvi Kv‡Q K…ZÁ, `yt‡Li w`‡b †Zvgvi Dci
wbf©ikxj; †hb ˆ`bw›`b KvR-K‡g© _vK‡Z cv‡i †ZvgviB AbyivMx I me©wec‡` †Zvgvi
iÿvkw³‡ZB wek¦vmx | Giv `xN©Rxex †nvK, Rxeb mvabvi †k‡l mKj wcÖqR‡bi m‡½ wgwjZ
n‡q †ZvgviB Avb›`av‡g wPi kvwšÍ myL jvf KiæK| Avgv‡`i cÖfz hxï Lªx‡ói bv‡g
Avgiv GB `yÕR‡bi Rb¨ †Zvgvi Avkxe©v` hvPbv Kwi|Ó[6]
gymwjg weevn
|
Lªxóvb
weevn
|
1| gymwjg weevn Pzw³gvÎ
|
1| Lªxóvb weevn GKwU mwÜ I ms¯‹vi|
|
2| gymwjg weevn Pzw³ e‡j mn‡R fv½v
hvq
|
2| Lªxób weevn mwÜ I ms¯‹vi nIqvq Zv
fv½v hvqbv|
|
3| gymwjg AvB‡b wZbevi weevn ‰ea¨, eû ¯¿x/¯^vgx ivLv hvq|
|
3| Lªxóvb weev‡n ¯^vgx/ ¯¿x gviv bv
†M‡j wØZxq we‡q ev G‡Ki AwaK ¯^vgx/ ¯¿x ivLv wb‡la|
|
4| gymwjg weevn ZvjvK †hvM¨
|
4| Lªxóvb weev‡n †Kvb ZvjvK †bB|
|
5| Lªxóvb †Q‡j gymwjg n‡j Zviv wRnŸv
cwi®‹vi I gymjgvbx Kiv‡bvi mv‡_ Zv‡`i‡K †ZvIev cvV Kivb nq;
|
5| Avi gymwjg †Q‡j Lªxóvb n‡j
`xÿvmœvb †`Iqvici weevn m¤úbœ Kiv nq ev ag© cvj‡b ¯^vaxbZv I mšÍvb‡`i
Lªxóxq wkÿvq M‡o ‡Zvjvi kZ© Ry‡o †`qv nq|
|
6| gymwjg‡`i ag©gZ Aek¨B c~Y©fv‡e cvjb
Ki‡Z nq|
|
6| LªxóbMY wb‡R‡`i kZ© ev cÖwZÁv A‡bK
mgq cvjb K‡ib bv|
|
7| gymwjg †Q‡j Lªxóvb †g‡q we‡q Ki‡j
Lªxóvb †g‡q‡K Bmjvg ag© cvj‡b eva¨ Kiv nq| wRnŸv cwi®‹vi I ZIev
cvV Kiv‡bv nq|
|
‡h †Kvb wgkª-weevn msMV‡bi c~‡e© h‡_ó
mgm¨v _v‡K| H¸wj wbgœiƒc n‡Z cv‡i|
wgkª-weevn
msµvšÍ wbqgvw` m¤^‡Ü AÁZv:
GB Kvi‡Y ei I K‡b GB Dfq cÿ n‡Z A‡bK fzj c`‡ÿc †bIqv n‡q _v‡K|
weevn-B”QzK
†Q‡j I †g‡qi ci¯úi m¤^‡Ü AÁZv:
e¨w³, †hvM¨Zv, ¯^fve, †ckv, esk, m¤ú` GgbwK †ivM m¤^‡ÜI ci¯úi‡K Rvbv Avek¨K|
ag©,
mvgvwRK cwi‡ek I fwel¨r m¤^‡Ü GKB aviYv I GKB cÖKvi cwiKíbvi Afve: Ck¦i‡i wek¦vm, mgv‡R Av`k© Rxeb Ges
GKB c×wZ‡Z fwel¨r MV‡bi B”Qv †Q‡j I †g‡q Df‡qi AšÍ‡i cÖvq mgfv‡e I mgcwigv‡Y
_vKv cÖ‡qvRb|
wewfbœ
mv¤cÖ`vwqK wewa wb‡la: ag©
ev RvwZ‡f` †nZz A‡bK wbqgvw` gvbyl‡K ¯^v”Q‡›`¨ wgkª-weev‡n Aby‡gv`b †`q bv|
GgbwK A‡b‡K KwVb euvavi m¤§yLxb n‡Z nq|
ivóªxq
†iwR‡óªkb cÖ_v: weevn msµvšÍ
†iwR‡óªkb AvB‡bi D`viZvi Rb¨ agx©q †iwR‡óªkb AvBb jw•NZ nq, GgbwK Lªxóvb
†iwRóviMYI A‡b‡KB wbR a‡g©i cÖ_vgZ KvR K‡ib bv| d‡j wgkª-weevn g½‡ji D‡Ï‡k¨ bv
n‡q eû‡ÿ‡Î mvgwqK AÜ ¯^v‡_© msNwUZ nq|
‡hvMv‡hv‡Mi
Afve: weevn-cÖv_x©
†Q‡j-†g‡q Ges agx©q †iwRóviM‡Yi g‡a¨ h‡_ó †hvMv‡hvM nqbv| `yB m¤cÖ`v‡qi ¸iæR‡bi
g‡a¨I cÖ‡qvRbxq †hvMv‡hvM nq bv| we‡kl K‡i Dfq c‡ÿi AvZ¥xq ¯^RbMY †Q‡jI †g‡qi
Ges cy‡ivwn‡Zi ga¨Kvi †hvMv‡hvM Ae‡njv K‡ib|
wgkª-weevwnZ cwiev‡i eûwea mgm¨vi DrcwË
nq| A‡bK †ÿ‡Î Zviv wb‡RivB Zvi wggvsmv Ki‡Z cv‡ibv| hw`I LªxógÊjx wgkª-weevn‡K
DrmvwnZ K‡ib bv| ZviciI weevn cÖv_x© †Q‡j I †g‡q Ges Lªxóf³M‡Yi †Riv‡jv Av‡e`‡b
mgv‡Ri e„nËi ¯^v‡_© Awb”Qv m‡Ë¡I Ges AZxe `yt‡Li m‡½ Ae‡k‡l Aby‡gvwZ w`‡Z nq|
d‡j `v¤úZ¨ †cÖg bó nq, gvbexq ‡cÖg e¨_© nq, Lªxóxq †cÖg Rb¥jvfI nq bv|
KZ¸‡jv mgm¨v wb‡gœ Zz‡j aiv nj:
*
evb
cÖKv‡k Ae‡njv: G ai‡bi weevn m¤úv`‡b
Dfq cÿ ev GK cÿ evb cÖKvk ev`w`‡q nVvr weevn Kwi‡Z e¨¯Í nq| Ôïfm¨ kxMÖgÕ
wn›`yqvbx GB Kz-aviYvi Rb¨ Lªxóxq Ôµg wm×ZvÕ A‡b‡KB eyS‡Z Pvqbv|
*
Pzw³
f½: K_vi g~j¨ bv †`Iqvq Ges A‡bK †ÿ‡Î g‡b
g‡b cÖeÂbvg~jK cwiKíbv _vKvq Pzw³gZ Kv_wjK ag©¸iæi m¤§y‡L weevn
w`‡Z A¯^xKvi K‡i| d‡j miKvix †iwRóv‡ii Kv‡Q hvq| we‡klZ: `yBRb `yB a‡g©i ev
gÊjxi nIqvq G‡K A‡b¨i Dci cÖvavb¨ †`L‡Z †Póv K‡i|
*
ag©nxbZvi
fve: GKm‡½ `v¤úZ¨ Rxeb
Avi‡¤¢B ci¯ú‡ii a‡g© D`vmxbZv †`Lvevi d‡j cÖK…Z c‡ÿ wb‡RivB ag© nvwi‡q †d‡j| Zviv
weev‡ni w`‡b †ekx cÖv_©bv K‡i bv| ci¯úi‡K GKvšÍfv‡e MÖnY K‡i bv wKš‘
AwffveKM‡Yi Pv‡c ev wb‡Ri †Lqv‡j bZyb‡K ¯^vMZg Rvbvq|
*
a‡g©
D`vmxbZv: wb‡Ri a‡g© Ae‡njv,
cia‡g© Akª×vµgvMZ bvwmZKZvi fve m„wó K‡i|
*
cwiev‡i
cyiæ‡li AwZ cÖvavb¨: evsjv‡`‡k AwaKvsk
A‡j cyiæl cÖfz Ges ¯¿x `vmx| myZivs weev‡ni ci ¯¿x‡K cyiæ‡li ag© I bxwZ gvb‡Z
nq|
*
Pzw³
fsM: Ac‡ii ag©-¯^vaxbZv iÿv I mšÍvb‡`i
Kv_wjK wkÿv`v‡bi cÖwZÁv weev‡ni c‡i A‡b‡KB gv‡b bv|
*
‡hŠ_
weagx© cwievi: cwieviwU A‡bK¸wj
cwiev‡ii mgš^q n‡j be`¤úwZ KZ…©‡Z¡i I m¤ú‡`i cÖ‡kœ ag© ev Pzw³ DfqB
RjvÄwj w`‡Z eva¨ nq| we‡kl K‡i cwiev‡ii cÖavb e¨w³ weagx© n‡j GwU Awbevh©|
*
weevn-we‡”Q`
cÖ_v: A-Kv_wjK cÿ
weevn-we‡”Q` mg_©b K‡ib| ZvB †hb-†Zb Kvi‡Y, e¨vwfPv‡ii †`vl †`wL‡q, kv‡¯¿i wkÿv
fzj fv‡e eywS‡q be`¤úwZ‡K wa‡i wa‡i we‡”Q‡`i w`‡K ‡U‡b wb‡Z cv‡i| g~j D‡Ïk¨-
¯^vgx ev ¯¿x‡K A_ev RvgvB ev eD‡K cQ›` bv Kivi K_v mvgbvmvgwb nq‡Zv e‡j bv|
*
H‡K¨i
Afve: wewfbœ wek¦vm, wewea
AvPvi-e¨envi I wewfbœ wkÿvi Kvi‡Y ¯^vgx-¯¿x wfbœ gZvej¤^x nb Ges wewfbœ wel‡q
HK¨g‡Z Avm‡Z cv‡ib bv|
*
mšÍvb
cvj‡b Ae‡njv: ¯^vgx ev ¯¿x cÖ‡Z¨‡K
wbR wbR gZvgZ Abymv‡i mšÍvb‡`i gvbyl Ki‡Z Pvb, d‡j Df‡qi g‡a¨ Ab¨vq
cÖwZ‡hvMxZv P‡j| gZ‰Ø‡Zi Kvi‡Y ci¯ú‡ii cÖwZ fw³-kª×v, fvjevmv m¤cÖxwZ Kg‡Z
_v‡K| wcZv-gvZvi wecixZ gZ I PwiÎ †`‡L mšÍv‡biv D`vmxb I bvw¯ÍK n‡Z Avi¤¢ K‡i
Ges A‡bK †ÿ‡ÎB mšÍvb‡`i AvwZ¥K, ˆbwZK Ges we`¨v wkÿvi Pig Ae‡njv Kiv nq|
*
wkÿvi
Afve: be`¤úwZ weev‡ni c‡i
Avi †KvbI wkÿvi my‡hvM bv †c‡q ‰bwZK gvbweK I `v¤úZ¨ †cÖ‡gi †ÿ‡Î wkw_jZi n‡q
c‡ob| msmv‡i wbiærmvn I Rxe‡b Ab_©K f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib|
*
‡hvMv‡hv‡Mi
Afve: civgk©`vZvMY,
mn‡hvMxMY I Aby‡gv`bKvixM‡Yi m‡½ Avi †Kvb m¤^Ü _v‡K bv|
*
HkcÖmv‡`i
Afve: wØ-a‡g©i wgwjZ Rxe‡b
cÖv_©bvi Af¨vm cÖvq eÜ n‡q hvq| wb‡R ag© Kg© K‡i bv| ms¯‹vi MÖnYI eÜ n‡q hvq|
d‡j Ck¦‡ii Avkxe©v` †_‡K ewÂZ nq| ZLb msmv‡i wbivb›`, nZvkv I AÜKvi †`Lv †`q|
*
cwievi-cwiKíbvi
Afve: be-`¤úwZ‡K weevwnZ
Rxe‡bi cÖvi‡¤¢B myôz, my›`i I Avb›`gq cweÎ cwievi MV‡bi wiKíbv MÖnY Ki‡Z nq|
wKš‘ wgkª-weev‡ni †ÿ‡Z cwievi-cwiKíbv †ekx ¸iæZ¡ †`Iqv nqbv| wbR ag©vbymv‡i
cwiev‡ii wPi¯’vqx g½jv‡_© AwfÁ ¸iæi civg‡k© Zv Kiv fvj|
*
mšÍvb
MÖnY: cwiev‡i mšÍvb MÖn‡Yi
†ÿ‡Î wcZvi f~wgKv cÖavb n‡q c‡o| ¯^vgxi N‡i A‡bK mgq mšÍvb Rb¥ w`‡Z †`Iqv nq
bv| Aci w`‡K GKB a‡g©i ¯¿x _vK‡j Zvi N‡i mšÍvb wVKB Avm‡Q| Gi KviY n‡Z cv‡i
m¤úwZ fvM n‡q hv‡e ev †envZ n‡q hv‡e|
*
ZvjvK
cÖ`vb: gymwjgiv A‡bK mgq
ZvjvK †`q; d‡j Lªxóvb †Q‡j ev †g‡q mgv‡Ri †evSv n‡q _v‡K Gi d‡j Zvi Rb¨
mvgvav‡bi cÖvq me `iRvB eÜ n‡q hvq|
*
d
‡Km
÷vwW- 1: †g‡qwUi bvg evnvgwb
UzWz| MÖv‡gi bvg Zijv, Kvnv‡ivj _vbv, w`bvRcyi| †Q‡ji evwo cvnvocyi, Kvnv‡ivj
_vbv, w`bvRcyi| †g‡qwU B›Uvi‡gwW‡q‡U cov‡kvbv Ki‡Zv, †m GKv Mªvg ‡_‡K K‡j‡R
hvB‡Zv| K‡j‡R hvIqv Avmvi g‡a¨ †Q‡jwUi mv‡_ m¤úK© nq Ges ciewZ©‡Z Zviv †Kv‡U© we‡q
K‡i| wKQzw`b Zv‡`i msmvi fvjB hvq| eZ©gv‡b Zviv wb-mš—vb Ae¯’vq Av‡Q|
wKQz w`b Av‡M †g‡qwU cvwievwiK Kj‡n AvZ¥ nZ¨vi †Póv K‡i, †m wel cvb
K‡i, Zv‡K wPwKrmv K‡i fvj Kiv nq| cwiev‡ii Ab¨vb¨ m`m¨iv DV‡Z em‡Z Zv‡K gvbwmK
wbh©vZb K‡i| GLb †m evwo‡Z wdi‡Z cvi‡Q bv Avevi †mB cwiev‡i fvj fv‡e evm Ki‡Z
cvi‡Q bv| ‡g‡qwU GLb †Kvb ag©B cvjb K‡i bv, bv wn›`y ag© bv Lªxó ag© Ges Zvi
cwiev‡ii m‡½I †Kvb †hvMv‡hvM †bB| Lªxó a‡g©i ms¯‹vi ¸‡jv MÖn‡YI †Kvb ai‡Yi
Drmvn †`Lv hvq bv| gÊjx †_‡KI †Kvb ai‡Yi c`‡¶c †bIqv nqwb|
d
†Km
÷vwW- 2: ‡Q‡jwUi bvg ‡gvnb
ewikvj, †g‡qwUi bvg cÖwgjv M‡gR, †evwb© wgkb, ivRkvnx| Zviv eZ©gv‡b †KvKv‡Kvjv
K¤úvwb‡Z PvKix K‡i| Zviv cÖ_‡g PvKixi Rb¨B XvKv‡Z G‡mwQ‡jb Ges PvKix Ki‡Z wM‡q
G‡K Ac‡ii cvkv cvwk Av‡mb Ges †cª‡g Rwo‡q c‡ob | GB m¤úK© we‡q ch©šÍ Movq Zviv
Lªxó weevn mvµv‡g›U MÖnY K‡i| eZ©gv‡b Zv‡`i GKwU †Q‡j I GKwU †g‡q i‡q‡Q| wKš‘
cwiZv‡ci welq n‡jv Zviv wb‡Riv †Kvb ag© cvjb K‡i bv| Zv‡`i mšÍv‡biv †KD `xwÿZ
bq Ges Zviv †Kvb ag© PP©v K‡i bv| bv Bmjvg ag© bv Lªxóag©|
d
†Km
÷vwW- 3: †g‡qi bvg ¯^cœv m‡ib,
evwo †mvbvRywo avbRywo wgkb, weivgcyi w`bvRcyi| †Q‡ji bvg †gv: †mv‡nj, evwo
weivgcyi, w`bvRcyi| †g‡qwU fvj QvÎx wQj weavq Zvi cov‡kvbvi DbœwZ mva‡bi Rb¨
cªvB‡fU wUDU‡ii e¨e¯’v Kiv nq| Zvi Rb¨ GKwU Mv‡bi wkÿK wb‡qvM Kiv nq| Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í
Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †cÖ‡g iƒcjvf K‡i| cÖ_‡g Zviv cvwj‡q hvq ciewZ©‡Z Lªxóag© g‡Z Zv‡`i
weevn‡K ‰ea¨ Kiv nq| Zv‡`i weevn eZ©gv‡b wZb eQi Mwo‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i †Kvb †Q‡j †g‡q
‡bB Rvbv hvq †h †g‡qwU‡K mšÍvb wb‡Z †`Iqv nq bv Ges cwiev‡ii Ab¨vb¨ m`m¨‡`i KvQ
†_‡KI A‡bK jvÃbv-MÄbv †fvM Ki‡Z n‡”Q| †m GLb Zvi mgv‡R wdi‡Z Pv‡”Q wKš‘ mgv‡Ri
†jvK Zv‡K MÖnY Ki‡Z Mwo-†gvkx Ki‡Q|
d
‡Km
÷vwW- 4: †g‡qi bvg ¯^vi_x
gygy©, evwo ¯^M‡j eUZjx, avbRywo wgkb, weivgcyi| †Q‡jwUi bvg ‡gv: wd‡ivR,
KvUjv nvU, weivgcyi| Zviv GKB m‡½ ¯‹z‡j wkÿKZvi PvKix Ki‡Zb| GK mg‡q
Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †cÖg nq Ges we‡q‡Z Movq| Zviv †KvU© g¨v‡iR K‡ib| eZ©gv‡b Zv‡`i Pvi
mšÍvb i‡q‡Q| Zviv Bmjvg ag© cvjb K‡i| Z‡e †g‡qwU Kv_wjK Lªxóvb nIqv m‡Z¨I gÊjxi
m‡½ Zvi †Kvb †hvMv‡hvM †bB| †Kvb ms¯‹vi †m MÖnY Ki‡Q bv| gÊjx ‡_‡KI †Kvb ai‡Yi
c`‡ÿc ‡bIqv nq wb| Zvi cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡`i m‡½ †m g¨vP Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q|
d
†Km
÷vwW- 5: †g‡qi bvg weª‡RU
UzWz, evwo ¯^M‡j eUZjx, avbRywo wgkb, weivgcyi| †Q‡ji bvg †gv: kvB` evwo
AveZveMÄ, beveMÄ| Zviv GKB m‡½ GRgv Jlya †Kv¤úvwb‡Z PvKix Ki‡Zb| †g‡qwU †Q‡jwUi
†gvUi mvB‡K‡j K‡i wewfbœ RvqMvq Zviv wfwRU/cwi`k©b Ki‡Zb| GKmg‡q Zv‡`i g‡a¨
†cÖ‡gi m¤úK© nq Ges Zviv cvwj‡q ‡Kv‡U© weevn K‡ib| Zviv GK m‡½B Av‡Qb Zv‡`i
‡Kvb mšÍvbvw` †bB| †g‡qwUi cwiev‡ii †jv‡Kiv †g‡q‡K MÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡Q bv| †m gÊjx
†_‡KI wew”Qbœ| mgvR †_‡KI †Kvb ai‡Yi †hvMv‡hvM ivLv nqwb|
GB ch©šÍ hZ¸‡jv wgkª-weevn Rwic Kivi
my‡hvM †c‡qwQjvg Zvi g‡a¨ †`Ljvg †h Zv‡`i GKwUI gÊjx cÿ †_‡K †KD †Kvb ai‡Yi
c`‡ÿc ‡bqwb Ges GB cwievi ¸‡jvi ga¨ †_‡KI †KD c¨vwi‡k †hvMv‡hvM K‡iwb| ZvB
mn‡RB Abygvb Kiv nq †h GB ai‡Yi weev‡n g½‡ji †P‡q Ag½jB nq †ekx mgv‡Ri K_v ¯§ib
K‡i †g‡qi K_v ¯§iY K‡i hw`I Lªxó gÊjx wKQz wKQz †ÿ‡Î GB ai‡Yi weev‡n m¤§wZ †`q
Zv LyeB mvgvb¨ Ges Aciw`‡K A‡b‡K †KvU© g¨v‡i‡Ri Avkªq wb‡”Q Ges GB RwUj Ave‡Z©
c‡o hv‡”Q| Avi w`b w`b mgv‡Ri g~j¨‡eva, mvgvwRK mü`qZv, `qvgvqv K‡g hv‡”Q|
Ab¨w`‡K cvwievwiK AkvwšÍ e„w× cv‡”Q| a‡g©i cÖwZ D`vmxbZv e„w× cv‡”Q|
. mvµv‡g›U MÖnY: Lªxó gÊjx‡Z mvZwU mvµv‡g›U Av‡Q Ges GB
mvZwU mvµv‡g›U Avgiv Rb¥ †_‡K g„Zz¨ ch©šÍ MÖnY Kwi| wKš‘ wgkª weev‡ni ‡ÿ‡Î
¯^vgx ev ¯¿x Zv MÖn‡Y AvMÖn cÖKvk K‡i bv ev AvMÖn †`Lv hvq bv| A‡bK mgq Zv
MÖn‡Y Zviv j¾v‡eva K‡i|Zviv Lªxóhv‡M Ask MÖnY K‡i bv| Ggb Kx g„Zz¨i c~‡e© †ivMx
†jcb ms¯‹viI MÖnY K‡i bv| wKš‘ wgkª weev‡n GB ms¯‹vi¸‡jv MÖn‡Y AvBbZ †Kvb
euvav †bB|
. wkï‡`i `xÿvmœvZ Kiv: wgkª weev‡n gÊjx wKQz wKQz †ÿ‡Î Zvi
AvBb kxw_j K‡i‡Q †Kej gvÎ Zvi ‰cÖwiwZK KvR‡K Zivwš^Z Kivi Rb¨ wKš‘ me mgq
‡m kZ© †`q †h Zv‡`i Rxe‡b ‡h mg¯Í mšÍvb Avm‡e Zviv Lªxwóq `xÿv MÖnY Ki‡e wKš‘
ev¯Í‡e Zv jÿ¨ Kiv hvq bv| GB D‡Ïk¨ Zviv fz‡j hvq| †ekxi fvM †ÿ‡Î mšÍv‡biv Bmjvg
ag© cvjb K‡i _v‡K| GgZve¯Ívq gÊjx GB mg¯Í cwiev‡i Zv‡`i mšÍv‡`i `xwÿZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨
Zvi ‰cÖwiwZK KvR K‡i †h‡Z cv‡i|
. mgv‡Ri †jv‡`i `„wóf½x: mgv‡R A‡bK †ÿ‡Î †`Lv hvq- hviv GB iKg
weevn MÖnY K‡i‡Q Zviv A‡bK †ÿ‡Z mgv‡Ri †jvK‡`i KvQ †_‡K `~‡i _v‡K ev mgv‡Ri
†jvK Zv‡`i mn‡R MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| GgZve¯’vq LªxógÊjx †jv‡`i `„wó f½x hv‡Z
cwiewZ©Z nq Ges Zv‡`i‡K MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i †mB wel‡q wkÿv w`‡Z cv‡i|
. cwievi ¸‡jvi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM: weevn msMwVZ nIqvi ci cwievi¸‡jv
nvwi‡q hvq| Zviv †gvUv †gvwU fv‡e gÊjx †_‡K wePz¨Z n‡q hvq Zviv †Kvb ai‡Yi
†hvM‡hvM Zviv iv‡L bv| ZvB gÊjxi DwPr n‡e hv‡Z †mB mg¯Í cwievi ¸‡jv‡Z gv‡S gv‡S
cwi`k©b Kiv Ges Zv‡`i ‰cÖiwZK hZœ †bIqv|
. Ava¨vwZ¥K cwiPh©v: Zv‡`i mgm¨vi K_v †kvbv, Zv‡`i
eySv‡bv, MÖnYxq g‡bvfve ˆZwi Kiv| Zviv PvB‡j cvc¯^xKvi ms¯‹vi cÖ`vb, gymwjg‡`i
g‡a¨ Lªxó`k© cÖPv‡ii wbw¤§‡Z Lªxwóq ¸Yvejx PP©vi Rb¨ Aby‡cÖiYv †hvMv‡Z n‡e|
hv‡Z gymwjg‡`i g‡a¨ hxï‡K cÖPvi Ki‡Z cv‡i|
. wkï-hyev‡`i Lªxwóq MVb `vb: †h‡nZz GB iKg NUbv w`b w`b e„w× cv‡”Q
ZvB Avgv‡`i wkï wK‡kvi‡`i Lªxwóq MVb Av‡iv m‡PZb fv‡e w`‡Z n‡e we‡kl K‡i Zviv
hv‡Z wgkª weevn m¤ú‡K© wek` Ávb jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges fwel¨‡Z hv‡Z Zviv GB iKg
wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y †KB B”Qv cÖKvk bv K‡i| ‡Q‡j †g‡q‡`i MwZ-wewa fvj fv‡e bRi ivL‡Z
n‡e hv‡Z †Kvb fv‡eB Zviv åvšÍ c‡_ bv P‡j hvq|
Dcmsnvi: wgkª- weev‡ni †h AMwbZ mgm¨v Zvi ¯’vqx
†Kvb mgvavb Av‡Q e‡j Avgvi †Kvb aviYv †bB ev gÊjx †Kvb mgvavb w`‡Z cvi‡e e‡j
g‡b nq bv| KviY G †`k gymwjg msL¨vMwió †`k ZvB GB iKg mgm¨v Avm‡eB| gÊjx
wgkª-weevn Aby‡gvwZ bv w`‡q †Kvb fv‡e Gwo‡q Pj‡Z cvi‡e bv| Ab¨ ‡Kvb fvj c_ Av‡Q
wK? Kv_wjK †g‡qiv wgkª- weev‡ni cÖkq wb‡Z Pvq ev †Kvb †Kvb †ÿ‡Î wb‡Z eva¨ nq,
†mB me KviY ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i †`L‡j nq‡Zv mg‡eZfv‡e Dchy³ e¨e¯’v MnY Kiv m¤¢e n‡e|
hv‡Z K‡i wgkª weevn ‡`Iqv ev Kiv †_‡K `~‡i _vKv hvq|
GLv‡b `vwqZ¡ ïay gÊjxi GKvi bq;
wcZvgvZv, AwffveK, Ggb wK †MvUv Lªxóvb mvgv‡Ri| Kv‡RB wgkª-weev‡n Aby‡gvwZ
†`Iqvi Av‡M welqwU ¯’vqxfv‡e Av‡jvPbv Kiv LyeB `iKvi| hv wKQz gÊjxi Rb¨ ÿwZKi
ev Ag½jRbK n‡Z cv‡i Zv Kivi Av‡M wPšÍv fvebv K‡i wm×všÍ wb‡j fvj n‡e|
mnvqK MÖš’mg~n
1 †Kvivb kixd, nid cÖKvkbx, †KvjKvZv,
1974 Lªxóvã|
1 wi‡eiæ weKvk †R.: ÔAvšÍtagx©q weevn(
Lªxóvb-gymwjg †cÖÿvcU): cÖwZÁv I mgm¨v,Õ cÖZxwZ, 2q msL¨v, 2006 Lªxóvã,|
1 nvj`vi, †eÄvwgb wc.: Ôwgkª-weev‡ni
mgm¨v,Õ cÖ`xcb, †fvwjDg- 3, 1g msL¨v, 1980 Lªxóvã|
1 ‡jv‡ev, RR©: Ôwgkª-weevn Ges g½jmgvPvi
cÖPvi,Õ c`xcb, †fvwjDg- 2, 2q msL¨v 1979 Lªxóvã|
1 mswÿß
ms¯‹vi c×wZ msMÖn, Lªxóc~Rb cÖKvkbx, †KvjKvZv, 1998 Lªxóvã|
[3]
weKvk †Rgm wi‡eiæ wmGmwm: ÔAvšÍtagx©q weevn (Lªxóvb-gymwjg †cÖÿvcU): cÖwZÁv I
mgm¨vmg~n,Õ cZxwZ, el©-27, 2q msL¨v, 2006 Lªxóel©, c„ôv-60|
[4]
weKvk †R. wi‡eiæ: AvšÍtagx©q weevn( Lªxóvb-gymwjg †cÖÿvcU): cÖwZÁv I mgm¨v,
cÖZxwZ, 2q msL¨v, 2006 Lªxóvã, c„ôv-63|
No comments:
Post a Comment